10 little-known facts about Cologne

Cologne is a great place to take a German course, with plenty to keep you occupied outside of lessons. Below are ten little known-facts about the city, which we hope will inspire you to visit!

1. Located on the Rhine, Cologne is Germany’s fourth-largest city and one of the oldest cities in the country too.

2. Cologne’s impressive Cathedral is Germany’s second largest religious building. Every year thousands of tourists climb the 509 steps to the top and their efforts are suitably rewarded with a magnificent view of the city and its surroundings. For a while, after its construction in 1880, the cathedral was actually the highest structure in the world.

3. Cologne is known as the city of churches, with 12 large Roman churches located within the medieval city walls.

4. It is home to a museum dedicated entirely to chocolate!

5. Cologne has a top-quality array of cultural attractions. It is home to over 40 museums and more than 110 galleries.

6. Every year in July, Cologne hosts Germany’s largest high-altitude musical firework display – the “Cologne Lights” (“Koelner Lichter”). The impressive display and accompanying party atmosphere attract hundreds of thousands of visitors each year.

7. Cologne has its own beer, which is known as Kölsch. The name Kölsch is protected by law so that only beers brewed in and around Köln can bear the name. It’s a pale, straw-coloured beer that is said to be refreshing and sweeter than other German beers.

8. Cologne is home to one of Europe’s largest Pride events. During the first weekend in July every year, more than half a million participants and visitors come together in Cologne’s city centre to party. Besides having fun, the event does focus on current political issues, which are always expressed through the parade’s theme.

9. According to new rankings, Cologne’s Schildergasse is Germany’s most visited shopping boulevard. Bustling with over 13,280 visitors per hour, it just beat Munich’s “Kaufingerstraße” to the top spot. The whole city is known for its abundance of shops, and is simply a haven for anyone who likes to shop…

10. Cologne was the hometown of Italian expatriate Johann Maria Farina, who created a fragrance and named it after the city. Eau de Cologne or “water from Cologne” is still famous the world over, and is still produced in Cologne today.

Find out more about German courses in Cologne, the rest of Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

My week in Marrakech: learning Arabic in Morocco

Marrakech – the first city that comes to everyone’s mind when you think of Morocco. The red city as it’s also known, the noise, the busy and narrow streets, the souks where you cannot walk without being noticed, the lovely, chatty people, the smells of cinnamon, cumin and mint tea…

I had the chance to spend a whole week here, not only as a tourist, but as a student of Arabic. I have been learning Arabic for a little over a year now. I first started studying in England, through Arabic evening courses, once a week. These courses taught me the basics, to be able to understand basic conversations and to read and write Arabic.

I then decided to go to an Arabic-speaking country to improve my language skills and put them into practice with local people. To my surprise, people could understand me, better than I had anticipated, and I was able to have daily interactions with the locals.

I choose Morocco because I fell in love with the country and its people from the first time I visited. It’s in their nature to make you feel welcome and to make you want to stay there FOREVER.

The week in Marrakech and the Marrakech school exceeded my expectations completely. The staff was so nice and welcoming that I wish I could have stayed longer. The school is in a very nice area in the new part of the city – very easy to reach from the accommodation options they offer. I chose to stay in an apartment, but with hindsight I think the option of staying with a host family would have made my experience even better. Maybe next time – as there will definitely be a next time!

My teacher was always very well prepared for the lessons and the method he used was a very communicative. I have never before spoken so much during classes. His English was really good, but we mainly spoke in Arabic. The classrooms are equipped with screens and other interactive materials, used to introduce the topics. This made the lessons fun and effective. I much preferred it to following a book.

The 2 hours of lessons a day went so fast through learning new vocabulary, putting it into practice, playing games to practice, and creating my own texts with my own experiences. We also worked with short videos that were used as prompts for us to speak and use the language we were learning. The lessons were complemented with other activities such as Henna seminars and cooking classes, which are an amazing way of getting to know the culture during the course.

The progress made by going to the country where the language is spoken cannot be measured. It’s something absolutely necessary if you really want to make quick progress and it’s not only about the language, but also about immersing yourself in the culture and customs.

As a female travelling on my own in Morocco, I felt completely safe. It is true that men approach you and try to speak to you, as they can tell you are not local. It can happen quite a lot, to the point that it can get annoying. This happens especially in the tourist hot spots such as Marrakech, Fez, and Tangier. If you travel to cities like Rabat or go to the dessert, it is not so bad.

There is no reason to be scared though, this sort of behaviour is very common in the Mediterranean. In Morocco you have to add the fact that local women will not talk to men they don’t know on the streets, so they target foreign women.

If you are in the souks, most of the men just want you to buy their tea pots, spices, souvenirs, etc. To avoid being bothered, you just keep on walking and don’t respond, same as Moroccan women do.

On the other hand, the souks are a good place to practice Arabic, and when people see you speak the local language, you always get better prices! People are generally very nice and welcoming, and as long as you treat them with respect, you should have no problems at all. Just be aware and, as in any other place in the world, it’s always best to go exploring accompanied by other people, especially at night.

Follow in Lety’s footsteps and learn Arabic in Marrakech

Top 10 things to see and do in Québec City

Although Québec’s mixed heritage and geographical location has made it largely bi-lingual, French remains the clear the language of choice, and there are several types of French language course available in the city. Anyone who chooses to take a language course there will be spoilt for choice when it comes to free-time activities, but here are our recommendations for ten great ways to fill your time.

1. Take a walk around Vieux Québec (Old Québec)

The historic part of Québec City dates back to the 17th Century. The upper part, referred to as ‘Upper Town’ (Haute-ville) is walled with ramparts and makes Québec the only remaining walled city north of Mexico in the Americas.

The lower part of the old city, referred to as ‘Lower Town’ (Basse-ville), contains the historic church Notre-Dame des Victoires and a variety of shopping options in very old and attractive buildings.

2. Visit the Morrin Centre

Built over 200 years ago as the city’s first prison, this unique place now contains one of the world’s most beautiful libraries. Visitors can walk through jail cells and browse the array of books in the attractive Victorian library. The centre also stages various productions, concerts, readings and lectures, many of which are in English.

3. Go to see the Basilique Cathedrale – Notre-Dame-de-Québec

Originally built in 1647, the Basilica-Cathedral Notre-Dame de Québec has twice been destroyed by fire, but always rebuilt on its original site. Guests can take guided tours of the basilica and its crypt, which is the final resting place of former bishops of the Québec diocese and four Québec governors.

Schedules for self-guided visits and guided visits vary based on season and day, but entrance to the Basilica-Cathedral is free.

4. Head out to the Montmorency Falls Park/Parc de la Chute-Montmorency

Located just a few minutes from Old Québec, the Parc de la Chute-Montmorency is a fantastic place to visit. There are numerous things to see there, including the elegant Manoir Montmorency and a waterfall that is actually one-and-a-half times higher than Niagara Falls! There’s also a cable car which offers stunning views over the city.

5. Visit the Chateau Frontenac image

The Chateau Frontenac is probably Québec City’s most iconic landmark. Designed by architect Bruce Price for the Canadian Pacific Railway company, the hotel opened in 1893 and has since become the most photographed hotel in the world. It is now part of the prestigious Fairmont group, but you don’t have to be a guest to go in and take a look around.

6. Explore the Quartier du Petit Champlain

Set at the foot of the cliff below Chateau Frontenac, this area dates back to the mid-17th century, and is said to be the oldest commercial district in North America. With its narrow streets and unique boutiques, galleries and bistros, it’s an attractive area which is particularly nice to visit in the winter.

7. Take in some lovely views from the Terrasse Dufferin

Terrasse Dufferin is a beautiful terrace along the St. Lawrence River in Quebec, built in 1879 under the direction of Lord Dufferin. The walkway extends for a long way down the St. Lawrence River, and offers stunning views of the city and the river. In the summer months the terasse becomes a hub for street entertainers, giving it an extra buzz.

8. Visit the Citadel

Located on the heights of Cap-Aux-Diamants overlooking the St. Lawrence River, the Citadel of Québec is a fortified enclosure of 37 acres built in a star-shaped plan. It is a military installation and official residence and is part of the fortifications of Québec City.

9. Discover the Musée de la Civilisation

Located close to Place Royale, in the old part of the city, this museum is known as an innovative and unique place where the focus is on participation and interaction. There, you’ll get a dynamic outlook on all of human experience in its whole, and on civilizations from all over the world.

10. Go to the Plains of Abraham (Battlefields Park)

The Plains of Abraham lie to the west of the old city overlooking the St Lawrence River.  It’s a historic area where the Battle of the Plains of Abraham took place in 1759, in which the British defeated the French for control of the city.

In 1908, the law creating the National Battlefields Commission (NBC) was sanctioned to highlight and preserve this site, unique in the world not only because of its size and geographic location, but also because of its historical role. The Battlefields Park, which groups together the Plains of Abraham and the Des Braves Park, was developed in memory of both French and British soldiers and these days offers a vast and pleasant space for inhabitants and visitors to enjoy.

Cactus offers a range of French courses in Québec City and Montreal, at a variety of levels. For full details, or to book, please visit https://www.cactuslanguage.com.

Our top ski locations: fun in the snow

As soon as winter arrives I start dreaming of mountains, breathtaking vistas across snow-capped peaks and cups of warming gluhwein – the things that ski trips are made of.

If you’re like me and you’re itching to hit the slopes, there’s no better time to take your pick from our fantastic selection of worldwide ski destinations. The only question is, where to go?

Annecy, France

Less than half and hour from Geneva, the beautiful lakeside town of Annecy is a great spot to learn French and enjoy the stunning surrounding landscape. Our special ski programme includes 20 language lessons and 2 ski trips per week, transfers to and from ski resort and ski passes – ski equipment is not included, but can be hired in resort.

General French Course with Weekend Skiing in Annecy

Chambery, France

The great advantage about Chambery is that it has its own airport, so you can fly there directly and, with our combined French and Weekend Ski programme, use this as your base for access to the French Alps. 20 language lessons and 2 ski trips per week, transfers to and from ski resort and ski passes are all included – ski equipment is not, but can be hired in resort.

General French Course with Weekend Skiing in Chambery

Chamonix, Franceimage

Little probably needs to be said about this world-class ski resort in the French Alps. Home to Europe’s highest mountain, Mont Blanc, Chamonix has many high-altitude slopes and is particularly well suited to the intermediate and advanced skier. Whatever your level of skiing, you will enjoy Chamonix’s buzzing nightlife and great atmosphere, which make it a fantastic place to learn the language and then hit the slopes after class.

French courses in Chamonix

Munich, Germany

With a handful of ski resorts within an hour of the city, and many more in the surrounding mountains, Munich is an ideal place to base yourself to explore some of the finest ski areas in the Alps. The resorts closest to the city may not have an international reputation or jet-set clientele, but the beauty is that they are smaller and cheaper than better-known Alpine resorts, and are frequented by locals ‘in the know’. So ample chance to practise your German, whether on-piste or enjoying some apres-ski…

German courses in Munich

Zurich, Switzerland

The orderly and picturesque city of Zurich is perfectly placed to enjoy winter pursuits in the beautiful Swiss Alps. It boasts numerous ski resorts within easy reach of the city and is also a wonderful city in which to learn German, with a high quality of living and plenty of cultural activities to keep yourself entertained after class. 

German courses in Zurich

Les Sciernes, Switzerland

If your kids are itching to get out on the slopes with others of the same age, then this unique language camp in the Swiss Alps will fit the bill perfectly. In a stunning south-facing location looking out over the mountains, the International Centre where this programme is based offers tuition in French, German, English, or a combination of all three, an excellent ski programme run by fully qualified instructors, comfortable on-site accommodation, and a wonderful activities programme including team and individual sports, sledging, cookery, arts and crafts, fancy dress discos, karaoke nights, and excursions to nearby towns such as Gstaad and Montreux. 1st Jan – 1st April 2012.

Language & Ski camp for 11-18 year olds in Les Sciernes

Whistler, Canada

Those learning English have the enviable chance to do so in one of the world’s top ski resorts, Whistler. Students taking a course here receive discounted lift passes and ski and snowboard lessons and can even combine their English classes with the Canadian Ski / Snowboarder Instructors’ Certification. A must for anyone who loves the big outdoors!

English courses in Whistler

Bariloche, Argentina

It may be winter in the Andes over our summertime, but we can’t write about skiing without mentioning our top South American ski spots. If you really do have the ski bug then you will be delighted to learn that you can ski year-round! Our programme in Bariloche includes 16 group Spanish lessons + 2 individual Spanish lessons per week, as well as 2 ski passes per week (one for a weekday and one for the weekend) and transfers to and from resort. Ski tuition can be arranged in resort. The ski season runs from mid-June to September, snow permitting.

Spanish & Ski programme in Bariloche

Mendoza, Argentina

Our programme in Mendoza includes 16 group Spanish lessons + 2 individual Spanish lessons per week, as well as 2 ski passes per week (one for a weekday and one for the weekend) and transfers to and from Penitentes resort. Ski tuition can be arranged in resort. The ski season runs from mid-June to September, snow permitting.

Spanish & Ski programme in Mendoza

Santiago de Chile, Chile

20 Spanish lessons + 2 free ski passes per week for El Colorado resort + free transport to the slopes. Tuition can be arranged in resort and, although not very challenging for advanced skiers, El Colorado is ideal terrain for beginner and intermediate skiers. The ski season runs from mid-June to mid-Oct, snow permitting.

Spanish & Ski programme in Santiago de Chile



Cactus offers language holidays in over 500 locations worldwide, many of which can be combined with exciting activities ranging from diving and surfing to cookery, wine tasting and photography.

10 FREE things to do in Brussels

Brussels, as with most European capital cities, can sometimes be expensive. But, there are still plenty of things that will help you learn about the history and culture, and practise the language, which are absolutely free.

1. Explore the Old Town

Brussels’ pretty old town is a maze of narrow medieval streets, lined with crooked old buildings and quaint shops and cafes. The old quarter centres around the cobbled Grand Place square, which in itself, is well worth a look. Built as a merchants’ market in the 13th century, it is undoubtedly one of the most beautiful enclosed squares in Europe, with its ornate guild halls and decorative façades. If you’re lucky, you may catch the daily flower market held on the square, or one of the many free concerts that take place throughout the year.

2. Admire St Michael and St Gudula Cathedral

Located at Treurenberg hill, the gothic architecture of the St Michael and St Gudula Cathedral is impressive to say the least. The cathedral dates back to the 11th century, and over the years has been used as the venue for a variety of state events. Whether you want to look at the architecture from afar or have a look within the cathedral, you’ll be able to for free.

3. Enjoy some window shopping in Galeries St-Hubert

Brussels’ famous Galeries St-Hubert is a stunning glass-roofed arcade housing a range of up-market shops and boutiques. Divided into three parts – the “Galeries de la Reine” (the Queen’s Gallery), the “Galerie du Roi” (the King’s Gallery) and the “Galerie des Princes” (the Princes’ Gallery) – the arcade was built in 1847 as the world’s first covered shopping gallery, and remains one of Europe’s most sophisticated.

4. Take a tour of the European Parliament

The European Parliament buildings in Brussels have formed the backdrop to many momentous events and decisions since the parliament’s formation. It’s the epicentre of the EU and the place where new laws are passed, and constantly welcomes European and world leaders. From Monday to Friday, you can take the audio guide tour around the parliament and, during part-sessions, you can even attend a parliamentary sitting. You can find more details on the European Parliament website.

5. See the Manneken Pis

One of Brussels’ most visited sites is the Manneken Pis, a diminutive bronze fountain on the corner of Rue de l’Étuve and Rue du Chêne, not far from the Grand-Place. The little urinating boy, sculpted in the early 17th century, is said to represent the child of a visiting nobleman who lost his son in the city, and then found him again, urinating happily at this spot.

6. Take a stroll around Le Botanique

What was once the city’s botanical garden is today a cultural centre, housed in a distinctive neoclassical glass and wrought-iron building. The 19-century greenhouse now hosts Francophone theatre, dance and performance art, although the attractive gardens surrounding it do still remain.

7. Get a great view of the city from Place Poelaert

From the Square Brueghel L’Ancien in the Marolles area, you can take the outdoor glass lift up to Place Poelaert (home of the Palais de Justice) for free. Once at the top, you will get a fantastic view of Brussels with three major landmarks in the distance – the Basilica, the Hotel de Ville and the Atomium.

8. Test your willpower in the chocolate shops

Belgium is renowned the world over for its chocolate, and as you’d expect, Brussels is full of fantastic looking chocolateries that house some truly mouth-watering creations. Whilst some visitors may choose to stay outside and drool at the delectable offerings from a safe distance, many of the shops will allow people to sample one or two! Of course, it may be hard to resist the urge to buy, but if you have to spend a euro or two, there can be few better ways to treat yourself!

9. Enjoy the city’s museums for free on the first Wednesday of the month

While some Brussels museums are always free, others offer free entrance on a monthly basis – on the first Wednesday of the month. Among the participating museums are the Museum of Ancient Art and the Museum of Modern Art. Find out more on the Brussels Museums website for more information.

10. Walk the Comic Strip Route

With more than 700 comic strip authors, Belgium has more comic strip artists per square kilometre than any other country in the world! Belgium has a prestigious history when it comes to illustrations too, and in fact, was home to the creators of both Tintin and the Smurfs, some of the world’s best loved comic strip figures. Designed by the Belgian Centre for Comic Strip Art and by the « Wall Art » association, the Comic Strip Route is a trail incorporates 24 original frescoes and statues from the world of the comic strip.

Cactus offers General French courses in Brussels at a variety of levels. For full details, or to book, please visit the Cactus Language website.

Carnivals in February and March: the best places to party

One of the best ways to immerse yourself in the culture of a place – and, by default, the language too – is to visit during carnival time. There is no better time to see the locals let their hair down, the mood lift and the streets fill with merriment, laughter and fun. People will chat to you freely, you’ll usually experience the best culinary delights of the region and in many cases you will gain a glimpse into history as many festivals take root in centuries-old traditions.

February and March are great months for carnivals across the world, and if you can catch just one then it will be a trip to remember. It’s worth noting that accommodation during festival time can be scarce or expensive, but if you book a language course with accommodation you will avoid this problem; moreover, those staying with local families will really see the culture from the inside!

So if you want to join in the fun, here are some of the best festivals over the coming months…

Latin America & Worldwide:

Top 5 Latin America carnival destinations: Throughout February and Marchimage

Quebec Winter Festival, Canada:  27th January – 12th February

Chinese New Year: January 23rd

Europe

Carnevale di Venezia, Venice: February 11th – 21st

Carnevale di Viareggio: February 5th – March 3rd

Karneval in Dusseldorf & Cologne, Germany: Throughout February

Berlin International Film Festival, Germany: February 9th – 19th

Las Fallas, Valencia: March 15th – 19th

St Patrick’s Day, Ireland: March 17th

NB. It’s worth bearing in mind that some language schools will close on any public holidays that fall during festival time. However the opportunity to witness local festivities and practise the language outside the classroom usually more than makes up for any missed classes!

Top 10 things to see and do in and around Turin

Turin is really close to the ski slopes of the Italian Alps, and in fact hosted the Winter Olympic Games of 2006. In preparation for the games, the city was restructured and rejuvenated, making it easy to get around, and even more attractive than before.

It’s a city that is less visited than the likes of Rome, Florence and Milan, but one which has plenty for visitors to discover, from its beautiful architecture and grand boulevards to its fine foods and stunning scenery.

There are a range of Italian courses available in Turin, and anyone taking a course will have plenty to do in their free time that will teach them about the culture and history of the area, and of course, practise their Italian. Here are our top ten recommendations.

1. Visit the Mole Antonelliana and the National Museum of Cinema

The Mole Antonelliana was originally built as a synagogue, but was never used as such after the spiralling costs saw the city’s Jewish community pull out during the construction phase. The building now houses Italy’s National Museum of Cinema – and is thought to be the tallest museum in the world. Within it, you can see film screenings, film posters from decades gone by, along with props and memorabilia including Marilyn Monroe’s black lace bustier, Peter O’Toole’s robe from Lawrence of Arabia and the coffin used by Bela Lugosi’s Dracula.

2. Take in the bustle of Piazza Castello

Castle Square has been the beating heart of Turin for centuries. With the Palazzo Madama (a fusion of a Roman gate, medieval castle and baroque façade) as the central piece, it is surrounded by arcades on three sides, every one built in a different period. It’s from the square that the four big streets of Turin converge: Via Roma, Via Pietro Micca, Via Po and Via Garibaldi, which is known as one of the longest of Europe. The square is also home to the Royal Theatre, the Palace of Giunta Regionale, the Government Palace, the Armoury and the Royal Library.

3. Take a trip into the Italian Alps

Just a short drive or train ride from Turin, and you’ll find yourself in the heart of the Italian Alps. The views are obviously spectacular, and the many resorts perfect for skiing in the winter or walking and biking during the rest of the year.

There are also plenty of mountainside spa retreats for anyone who feels like a little pampering!

4. Visit Turin’s Cathedral and the Chapel of the Holy Shroud

The cathedral, consecrated to San Giovanni Battista, the patron saint of Turin, is the only example of Renaissance architecture of the city. Whilst the building itself it well worth a look, there is one thing in particular within the cathedral that draws thousands of visitors and that’s the Shroud of Turin – said, often controversially, to be the linen cloth that covered the body of Christ after the crucifixion. Although the Shroud is kept within the chapel in Turin, it is only displayed to the public every ten years or so.

5. Enjoy some local food

Piedmont is an area that is rich in gastronomy, and in fact is famous for something called the Slow Food movement. Founded in the mid-eighties by local Carlo Petrini, it was developed to “defend gastronomic pleasure and seek a slower, more aware pace of life.”

Local specialities to Turin include the white truffle, found in nearby Alba, and the area also produces some of the best wines in Italy, especially red wines such Barolo, Barbaresco and Barbera.

You’ll be spoilt for choice when it comes to restaurants in Turin, and many of the Alpine towns have some fantastic, traditional eateries to try too. Another option for food in a more informal setting is the fantastic Eataly, known as the Slow Food Movement’s ‘supermarket’. A huge converted factory, it houses an amazing array of Slow Food–affiliated food and drink, with a separate area for each, including cheeses, breads, meats, fish, pasta and chocolate. 

6. Walk around the Castle and the Valentino Park

The Castle and the Valentino Park are situated in the centre of the city near the Po riverside. The park is a public space and very popular with locals. The castle, whose origins date back to the early 26th Century, was acquired by Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy in 1564. Later Carlo Emanuele I bequeathed it to Marie Christine of France who used it as her favourite residence and lived there at length with her court.

Battles were fought around the castle, agreements made and alliances signed. Its vaults record much of Piedmont’s history, and today it is the seat of Turin Polytechnic’s Faculty of Architecture.

7. Explore the Egyptian Museum

The Museo delle Antichità Egizie, as it’s known in Italian, is the only museum aside from the Cairo Museum to be dedicated solely to Egyptian art and culture. The collections that make up today’s museum, were enlarged by the excavations conducted in Egypt by the Museum’s archaeological mission between 1900 and 1935.

The museum is housed in a building specially constructed to house it in Via Accademia delle Scienze, and appears in the original 1969 version of The Italian Job when the robbers transfer the gold bullion to the three Mini Coopers.

8. Head out to the Lingotto complex

The former Fiat factory, transformed by Renzo Piano, is a ten-minute bus ride south of the city centre. It houses the Agnelli family’s impressive modern art collection, a vast conference, exhibition and shopping centre, cinemas and an auditorium, plus two luxury hotels, and is a great place to spend an afternoon.

9. Indulge in a bit of shopping

Turin is often considered one of the best places in Italy for quality shopping. The city’s ‘classic’ shopping street is Via Roma, where, under its porticoes, shoppers can peruse the alluringly displayed windows of the city’s most exclusive shops and boutiques whilst stopping off for a coffee or two at one of the many cafes. Via Garibaldi, the longest pedestrian street in the city, stretching from Piazza Castello to Piazza Statuto, is another popular area, and has a wider range of shops that cater for all budgets.

In the historical city centre, there’s also an array narrow streets such as Via Barbaroux, Via an Tommaso and Via Monte di Pietà, which house small, traditional shops selling locally made goods such as wine, food and jewellery.

10. Visit the Basilica di Superga

The impressive Basilica di Superga is the final resting place of the Savoys, whose lavish tombs make for interesting viewing. Located 10km northeast of Turin, on top of a hill, the terrace in from of the church offers great views of both the Alps and Turin itself.

More about Italian courses in Turin

10 FREE things to do in Rome

Although the city has a reputation for being expensive in comparison to other Italian cities, there are plenty of activities that will give you an insight into the history and culture of Italy’s capital totally free of charge.

1. Visit the Pantheon

One of Rome’s most historic and iconic buildings, the pantheon was commissioned by Marcus Agrippa as a temple to all the gods of Ancient Rome, and rebuilt by Emperor Hadrian in about 126 AD. Since the Renaissance the Pantheon has been used as a tomb, and serves as a final resting place for the likes of painters Raphael and Annibale Carracci, the composer Arcangelo Corelli, and former kings of Italy Vittorio Emmanuele II and Umberto I. The Pantheon is still used as a church and masses are celebrated there, in particular on important Catholic days of obligation and weddings. Contrary to what you may expect, entrance is free of charge. It’s worth bearing in mind also that Angel Tours offer a free 30 minute tour of the pantheon every night at 7pm.

2. Watch the world go by on the Spanish Steps

Another of Rome’s most famous features, the Spanish Steps are located in an up-market area of Rome, and were built to join the Piazza di Spagna with the church of Trinita dei Monti. During the 18th century, the Spanish Steps became a popular meeting place for artists and models but these days it’s generally only tourists that you’ll find! Whether you want to walk up to the top, or just sit on one of the steps, they offer a great place to take in the sights and sounds of the surroundings and rest your legs.

3. Go and see the Trevi Fountain

The Trevi fountain is renowned the world over and seeing the 25 metre structure and all its intricate carvings in person will not disappoint. Of course, looking at the fountain is free, but if you want to uphold the tradition and throw a coin over your shoulder to ensure that you’ll return your Rome, you might have to part with a cent or two!

4. Have a walk around the Villa Borghese Gardens image

Just to the north of the centre of Rome is the large and well-kept park known as the Villa Borghese. The heart-shaped park is named after the building to which these were originally the private grounds – that building, on the eastern side of the park, now houses the impressive Galleria Borghese. On sunny days the park is full of people reading, relaxing and picnicking although there are several things to see within the park including a full-scale reconstruction of Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre and a large zoo.  Entry to the park is free of charge although a visit to either the Galleria Borghese or the zoo will cost you an entrance fee.

5. Explore the Trastevere quarter

Trastevere is a picturesque, medieval area located on the west bank of the Tiber. You can wander the labyrinthine cobbled streets and imagine what the Rome of centuries gone by might have looked like. Often described as ‘Bohemian’, Travestere isn’t as polished as other parts of Rome, but this is where its charm lies – walking around this part of the city you will feel more like you’re exploring a typical Italian town than the country’s sprawling capital.

6. Get a great view of Rome from the Gianicolo Hill

From the Trastevere area, you can head up to Gianicolo Hill (Janiculum in English) for a fantastic view of the city. Obviously, this involves an ascent, but there is a bus that you can take if you don’t feel up for the climb!

7. Soak up the vibrant atmosphere in the Campo dei Fiori

Campo dei Fiore is a typical Roman Piazza, located between the Tiber River and Piazza Navona. The words “Campo Dei Fiori” translates as “field of flowers,” and the piazza area was so named because the Campo Dei Fiori lies on what was once a meadow. These days the square is best known for the market that it hosts everyday, with a huge and colourful range of fresh vegetables, flowers and other produce from the Rome area. The market opens early in the morning and closes during lunchtime.

8. Test your truthfulness at the ‘Bocca della Verità’ image

Anyone who has seen the film Roman Holiday will be familiar with this famous aspect of Roman folklore! Set into the wall of the portico of Santa Maria in Cosmedin, the ‘mouth of truth’ is thought to be an ancient drain cover, and according to medieval folklore if you stick your fingers in the mouth and tell a lie, the Bocca della Veritá will bite your fingers off…

9. Take a stroll through Piazza Navona

Another of Rome’s most famous squares, Piazza Navona is bustling all day long. The cafes and bars can be outrageously expensive, but you can soak up the lively atmosphere for free and watch the various musical performers that converge there throughout the main tourist season.

10. Visit the crypt of Cappuchin friars

Located in the church of Santa Maria della Concezione, on Via Veneto, this crypt is unique in that since the 17th century the walls and ceilings have been decorated with the bones of 4,000 monks. It might not be to all tastes, but despite its macabre image, is well worth a look.

Cactus offers a variety of Italian language courses in Rome at a range of levels. For full listings and to book please visit the Cactus Language website.

10 little-known facts about Guadeloupe

It’s a great place to practise French, particularly during the cold winter months, and although relatively undiscovered by mainstream tourists, has plenty to offer any visitor.

Here are ten facts about Guadeloupe that you may not already know.

1. Guadeloupe is an archipelago of nine inhabited islands, including the butterfly shaped islands of Basse-Terre and Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Desirade, Iles des Saintes (2), Saint-Barthelemy, Iles de la Petite Terre, and Saint-Martin (the French part of the island of Saint Martin).

2. The Amerindian inhabitants called Guadeloupe “Karukera” which means “Island of Beautiful Waters”.  It is widely regarded as having some of the best dive sites in the world.

3. A narrow channel, the Riviere Salee, divides Guadeloupe proper into two islands: the larger, western Basse-Terre and the smaller, eastern Grande-Terre.

4. Christopher Columbus came across the islands in 1493, and named them after a Spanish monastery, but the Carib indians who lived there resisted Spanish attempts to settle the islands. French colonists arrived in the 17th century though, and it became a French colony in 1635.

5. There were several British occupations of Guadeloupe in the 18th and early 19th centuries, and a short period of Swedish rule, before it was restored to France. It became an official French department in 1946, and since the 1980s is a region of France.

6. The islands have lovely white sand beaches, a rainforest that is brimming with wildlife, and, if that weren’t enough, the highest waterfall in the Caribbean!

7. Basse-Terre has a rough volcanic terrain, whilst Grande-Terre has rolling hills and flat plains. Basse-Terre tends to be cooler and wetter than Grande-Terre, especially on La Soufrière, its highest point.

8. The famous dance of the island is called the biguine, which is still performed in colourful Creole dress.

9. There are regular flights to Guadeloupe from other Caribbean islands, and also from Miami, Montreal and Paris. There are also ferry services from nearby islands such as Martinique and St Lucia.

10.The best time to visit Guadeloupe is from December to May when the weather is warm and dry. The rest of the year is usually hot, humid and wet, especially between July and November.

Find out more about French courses with Cactus.

Top 10 things to do in Dresden

One of the most well-known facts about Dresden is that it was massively bombed during the Second World War – so much so in fact, that 80% of its historic centre was destroyed. The majority of the most important landmarks have since been restored to their former glory though, and Dresden is once again an attractive and interesting city to visit – especially at Christmas, when it plays host to one of the best Christmas markets in Germany!

Here are our recommendations for the top ten things to do in and around the city.

1. Visit the Albertinum Museum

One of Dresden’s best fine art museums, the Albertinum was built in the nineteenth century by Carl Adolf Canzler to serve as a public museum and archive. It was destroyed in February 1945 and subsequently rebuilt, and was then renovated in 2006. It re-opened in June this year (2010).

Until 2004 the Albertinum was the postwar home of the Green Vault (Grünes Gewölbe), often called Germany’s most meaningful collection of royal treasures, however this is now back in the innercity Residence castle in Dresden. Today the museum hosts the Gemäldegalerie Neue Meister (New Masters Gallery) that features masterpieces from the 19th and 20th century including works by Degas, Dix, Manet, Monet, Richter, Van Gogh, and others. The Sculpture Collection holds masterpieces from the classical antiquity to today, with an emphasis on artists from the former GDR.

2. Take a stroll along Brühl’s Terrace (Brühlsche Terrasse)

Brühl’s Terrace (Brühlsche Terrasse) is nestled between the river Elbe and the Old Town in Dresden. Known as “The Balcony of Europe”, the terraced promenade was part of Dresden’s original rampart, until it became the garden of the Royal Palace. The promenade is lined by some of Dresden’s most beautiful historic buildings, including the Albertinum Museum and Royal Art Academy.

3. Head down the river on a paddle steamer

Visitors to Dresden can take a trip down the river Elbe on one of the many historic paddle steamers in operation. You can choose from a variety of trips, including a cruise through the region’s stunning scenery, or a ride down to the Schloss Pillnitz, a pretty summer palace on the leafy outskirts of the city, built by Matthaus Pöppelmann.

4. Visit the Frauenkirche (Church of Our Lady)

In World War II, when bombing raids destroyed the city centre, this beautiful church was turned to rubble. The ruins were left untouched until 1994, when work to rebuild the church finally began.  The project was finally completed in 2005 and today it is well worth a look.

5. Visit the Green Vault (Grünes Gewölbe)

As previously mentioned, Dresden’s Green Vault (Grünes Gewölbe) can now be found in the Dresden Palace. It is home to one of the finest royal treasures collections in Europe, including elaborate artworks of gold, silver, gems, enamel, ivory, bronze, and amber. It also houses the largest green diamond in the world.

6. Enjoy sensory overload at Pfund’s Dairy (Pfund Molkerei)

Opened in 1880 by the Pfund brothers in the Neustadt quarter of Dresden, this unique dairy is beautifully decorated with hand-painted porcelain tiles from the neo-Renaissance period. The Dairy is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the most beautiful milk shop in the world. Products to enjoy whilst you’re there include cheeses, home made ice cream, and fresh buttermilk.

7. Take a trip to the Zwinger Palace

Dresden’s Zwinger Palace is known internationally one of the finest examples of late Baroque architecture in Germany. Built in the 18th century, it sits on the site of the former Dresden fortress and has the feel of a mini-city within the city. Inside, there are beautiful gardens and courtyards with lovely sculptures and fountains.

The Palace also houses the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister (Old Masters Picture Gallery), with works by such artists as Titian, Rembrandt, Botticelli and Raphael.

8. Sit by the Elbe and watch the world go by

The river Elbe, which flows right past Dresden’s Old Town, is lined with grassy riverbanks, offering beautiful views of the Old Town. It’s a great place to sit or stroll, no matter what the time of year, but especially in the summer when films are shown al fresco in one of the largest outdoor theatres in Germany.

9. Take in an Opera at the Semperoper

Since the Dresden State Opera moved back into the beautiful Semper building, which was completely destroyed in 1945, it has become even more popular than before. The building is awesome, and the experience of watching an opera there will be unforgettable.

10. Go to see the Fürstenzug (Procession of Princes) image

Located on Augustusstrasse, at the back side of the Royal Mews, the Fürstenzug is a 102 meter long mural. Known as the Procession of Princes in English, it depicts a long line of rulers of the House of Wettin. The mural was originally painted between 1870 and 1876 by Wilhelm Walter, although when it started to deteriorate it was replaced with almost 25,000 ceramic tiles. The tiles all survived the bombing of 1945, and remain in good condition to this day.

Cactus offers General, Individual and Academic Year German courses in Dresden at a variety of levels.